668-627 BCE) who besieged and defeated the city but did not damage it to any great extent and, in fact, personally purified Babylon of the evil spirits which were thought to have led to the trouble. The city later rose in revolt against Ashurbanipal of Nineveh (r. 681-669 BCE), rebuilt Babylon and returned it to its former glory. His extreme measures were considered impious by the people generally and Sennacherib's court specifically and he was soon after assassinated by his sons. Sennacherib had the city sacked, razed, and the ruins scattered as a lesson to others. The Assyrians then followed the Kassites in dominating the region and, under the reign of the Assyrian king Sennacherib (r. The Kassites followed the Hittites and renamed the city Karanduniash. The Assyrians, Chaldeans, & Nebuchadnezzar IIįollowing Hammurabi's death, his empire fell apart and Babylonia dwindled in size and scope until Babylon was easily sacked by the Hittites in 1595 BCE. So successful was he in both diplomacy and war that, by 1755 BCE, he had united all of Mesopotamia under the rule of Babylon which, at this time, was a major city, the largest in the world, and named his realm Babylonia. He enlarged and heightened the walls of the city, engaged in great public works which included opulent temples and canals, and made diplomacy an integral part of his administration. Hammurabi's law codes are well known but are only one example of the policies he implemented to maintain peace and encourage prosperity.
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